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. Mycobacterium bovis infection in animals and humans / [edited by] Charles O. Thoen, James H. Steele, Michael J. Gilsdorf. 2nd ed. 0813809193 (alk. paper) series Ames, Iowa : Blackwell Pub., 2006.
Call#: New Bolton Library RC311.19 .M93 2006
Call#: Biomedical Library BIOMED RC311.19 .M93 2006
Call#: New Bolton Library
Call#: Biomedical Library BIOMED


tagged china demg707 test by nmperez ...and 1 other person ...on 22-SEP-09
Zhongguo yin shi wen hua xue shu yan tao hui (5th : 1997 : Taipei, Taiwan) . Globalization of Chinese food / edited by David Y.H. Wu and Sidney C.H. Cheung. 0824825829 (alk. paper) series Honolulu : University of HawaiJ;i Press, c2002.
Call#: University Museum Library MUSEUM GT2853.C6 G56 2002


Evolution of a Large Online Social Network focuses on Weaklink, one of the largest online social networks in China, to illuminate its exposition of social networking’s evolution. The author created his own profile while adding anonymous friends.  To monitor the evolution of the social network, the user logged in for a specific amount of time in order to evaluate when (and how) the networking developed.  The article catalogues the initial peak interest, garnered among a few hardcore aficionados who transmitted their enthusiasm to their joining friends.  Later, users habituated towards social networking’s novelty; the euphoria since declined.  Interestingly, the article notes that most relationships were created between two old users or one old user and one new user.  Ultimately, the virtual world encourages engagement by shattering invisible boundaries between social groups.

This piece provides a general overview of how social networks develop.  The discussion regarding the rise, fall, and plateau of interest in social networking provides valuable insight to how social networks are formed and – more importantly – who forms them and for what purpose(s).

Barboza, David. "Google and Music Labels bet on Downloads in China." The New York Times. 5 April 2009.

This article addresses one of the most recent experiments in new profit models based on digital music: Google's free music search engine in China. Very recently, several of the biggest international record labels partnered with Google and a Chinese company (top100.com) to offer a free music-download service. Because online piracy of music is particularly rampant in China, the success of this model could have lasting implications on policies in the US. The New York Times article offers both critical and supportive opinions on the initiative. Notably, Google will have to struggle to contain the music-downloading to China, employing "legal and technical hurdles."

The partnership of Google with major international music labels represents a new way for record companies to remain profitable without trying to stop free music downloads. This unlimited-download service is supported not through subscription, but by advertisements. Although it is difficult to anticipate the success of such a model, the adoption of this idea certainly reflects a major change in the way that the entertainment industry is approaching its consumers. The willingness of labels (even on this controlled scale) to abandon control over music distribution to this degree is a symptom of their desperation, certainly. However, it is likely also a necessary move towards a new kind of support for music development.

Benshoff, Harry M and Griffin, Sean. America on Film: Representing Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality at the Movies. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2004.

      In chapter six of America on Film, Benshoff and Griffin provide commentary on the representation of Asians in Hollywood films during the silent film era and the “classical” 1930s Hollywood films. The chapter suggests that immigration legislation, like the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and the Immigration Act of 1924, were indicative of pervasive Western prejudices and fears that were then perpetuated in popular film. Asians in movies were almost never represented as Asian-Americans but rather, as exoticized “orientals” living in exaggeratedly aestheticized foreign landscapes. Also, the roles of Asians in most films were filled by Western actors in “yellowface,” as was the case with General Yen’s character in Bitter Tea. The chapter also discusses at length two well-known Asian characters of early film history –  Charlie Chan and Fu Man Chu. Both are characters of detective-genre film played by white actors, and both embody what is known as the “inscrutable Oriental” stereotype. Charlie Chan is akin to the classical Holmesian detective, but is more comical and often spews “old Chinese wisdom.” Fu Man Chu, similar to Chan in many regards, is an evil genius who exacts obscure and ghastly forms of “Chinese” torture on his unfortunate victims.

      This chapter provided contextual information that is important to understanding the kinds of preconceptions viewers of the 1930s might have had about Chinese, or more generally Asian, culture. Was General Yen a character unique to film at the time of Bitter Tea’s release? He’s seems not to have been. In fact, his character fairly well suits the “inscrutable Oriental” stereotype discussed by Benshoff and Griffin, in that he is both shrewdly perceptive and intelligent, and at the same time, subtly menacing (as demonstrated by his brutally pragmatic indifference about executing his prisoners during times of economic crisis and famine). Yen, like Chan, says several cryptic “fortune-cookie” type maxims throughout the film. Even Mah-Li’s character, the wily concubine, seems to fit the description of another stereotyped character mentioned in the chapter called the Dragon Lady, a seductive and treacherous female spy who fools men with her sexual wiles.

Frank Capra's 1933 film "The Biter Tea of General Yen" was given the honor of premiering at the grand opening of New York City's Radio City Music Hall. With a budget of around $1 million dollars, it was one of Columbia Studio's most ambitious high-profile projects to date. Despite this, the movie immediately revealed itself to be a box-office flop, one of only two of Capra's moves to prove financially unsuccessful. This annotated bibliography will explore the reasons for the film's unexpectedly poor reception. Was the film doomed to failure because audiences were not yet ready for portrayals of inter-racial romance? Was the film's success crippled by censorship from various foreign markets? Was the serious subject-matter simply ill-suited for the Depression-era climate? Most broadly, this bibliography will attempt to understand the historical context out of which Bitter Tea arose.

As the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Department of Commerce, Henry Levine's statement to the "Congressional -Executive Commission on China sheds light on the efforts and intentions of the U.S. government on helping the Chinese attack on IPR infringement. As bilateral merchandise trade reached nearly $150 billion by 2002, U.S. commerce has started to feel the effect of large scale Chinese piracy of its goods. Indeed, American manufacturers complain about rampant piracy of intellectual piracy and trade barriers. Despite China's commitments to cracking down, rampant piracy, fake CDs, DVDs, and pharmaceuticals cost the U.S. an estimated $20-$25 billion annually. In fact, the Business Software Alliance estimates that software piracy rates in China exceed 90%. In response, the U.S. continues to evaluate and monitor China's IPR apparatus through the annual Special 301 process, and has begun certain proactive measures to stem the piracy. The Department of Commerce has organized a series of seminars with Chinese officials conveying US views on how best to increase criminal enforcement of IPR violators.

Mr. Levine's statements illustrate the influence U.S. corporations have over foreign trade policy and the ways in which they seek to protect their goods in foreign markets. This approach differs greatly from the view and approach of the Chinese culture towards copyright infringement and the spirit behind ownership and may explain some of the chasm between U.S. and Chinese policy and enforcement. Mr. Levine's statements will help illustrate not only the scale of the Chinese piracy but also other means by which the U.S. government seeks to proactively aid the Chinese government besides trade sanction threats and lobbying for further WTO compliance.

Excerpts from this book address intellectual property rights and their protection, compliance, and enforcement in China. After China's entry into the World Trade Organization, which subsequently extended the TRIPs agreement to its borders, China has seen mixed results on its attempts to enforce the standards and statutes outlined in the TRIPs agreement. According to the authors, China's IP law currently offers protection consistent with the minimum requirement of TRIPs. However, the authors suggest that in order to elimanate some of the shortcomings of the TRIPs framework, Article 7 of TRIPS and its role must be enhanced in order to restore balance: "the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights should contribute to the promotion of technological innovation and to the transfer and dissemination of technology, to the mutual advantage of producers and users of technological knowledge and in a manner conducive to social and economic welfare, and to a balance of rights and obligations. However, the landscape of international intellectual property is changing, and the authors point out the diverging trend of multilateral institutions leaning towards securing the access of developing countries to protected content and material on reasonable terms while bilateral trade agreements continue to enforce strict copyright rules in favor of the developed nation. However, we must take TRIPs on facevalue and should be viewed as part of the broader strategy of priority setting, education, and institutional capacity building, regulaory adaptation, FDI marketing, and patent mining. Nevertheless, piracy and counterfeiting are still significant threats to right holders. The Chinese policy of administrative enforcement of copyright law often impedes its very goal due to longstanding local protectionism and cronyism as well as the internal bureaucratic rivalries that prevent the creation of a comprehesive IP strategy.  However, the Chinese have instituted judicial review of these administrative decisions, increases in the maximum fines available for IP infringements, and lower thresholds for criminal liability. Although change has come at a sluggish pace and Chinese IP enforcement will never rival that of many Western nations, China has made considerable steps in order to comply with TRIPs legislation.

 

The general opinion seems to agree that China has come a long way in IPR enforcement, but it still has a long way to go. As the broader themes of this paper come together, this article will serve to point on many of the drawbacks of the Chinese system and what can  be done to change this as well as the steps taken by China to meet the minimum requirements of the TRIPs agreement. While enforcement is still an issue, this authors make clear that we must be patient due to the extenuating circumstances of China's robust economy coupled with a lagging administrative stucture and status as a developig nation.

This article documents China's promise to step up its efforts to punish violators of intellectual property rights outline in the agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Proprety Rights (TRIPs). China unveiled an outline of a new enforcement policy of IPR's, eaded by the deputy director of its National Copyright Administration's copyright management bureau, Xu Chao. Their response comes after multiple please by the U.S. for the Chinese to further crackdown on IPR infringement, despite Chinese claims of significant progress. China's law stipulates a maximum of seven years i prison for copyrigh violators. However, the Chinese still do not meet international IPR protection standards. The aforementioned outline promulgated the Chinese goal to increase its self directed IPR levels within 5 years. Furthermore, the Chinese plan to fully ramp up their efforts, similar to international levels, by 2020.

This article will help illustrate some of the causes of the rampant Chinese piracy of U.S. IPR. There exists both a punitive and a cultural defecit between the two countries. The lack of genuine enforcement of IPR domestically has enfuriated U.S. copyright officials and trade czars for decades. There seems to exist a chasm between the two countries as to the moral reprehensibility of copyright ifringement, illustrated by the Chinese complancency with their progress, that may help contextualize much of the discrepancy in policy goals between the two countries. This article will serve as background support and evidence to my larger goal of first proving the enforcement of international copyright law and then documenting the trade agreements put in place to accomplish this very task.

This article draws on theories of globalization, technology, and the struggles between trade agreements and copyright objectives to place international piracy into a global context. The author, Shujen Wang, examines the the role of Hollywood in shaping trade agreements and piracy policy as well as the interconnectedness of unilateral and multilateral solutions. Specifically, Wang documents the General Agreement on Tarrifs and Trade (GATT) which led to the creation of the WTO, the growth of U.S. trade policy from the WTO's agreement on trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPS), and the Digital Millenium Copyright Act (DMCA). While analyzing the importance and role international piracy and copyright law play within the framework of these multinational trade agreements, Wang illustrates the necessity for copyright protection via the importance of the copyright industry in the U.S. economy. Moreover, Wang tracks the way techological developments like VCR's and DVD's have changed the moral landscape of the pirating industry and Hollywood's lobbying efforts to push for protect copyrights internationally.

This article incorporates many of the essential themes of my topic, including techology's ability to alter and push the boundaries of domestic and international copyright statutes, international piracy's role in shaping trade agreements, and the U.S.' ability to use these trade agreements to open up markets and ensure strict copyright protection for its goods. Furthermore, the article cites the specific legislation, trade organizations, and trade agreements that have been instrumental in shaping the two-pronged U.S. approach to copyright protection. Specifically with the passage of the Permanent Normal Trade Relations act with China in 1999. Overall, this article provides valuable insight into constrcting a fraework that encapsulates the complexity of Chinese piracy and how it has affected our bargaining and trade agreements and policies.

 

Finnane, Antonia. . Changing clothes in China : fashion, history, nation / Antonia Finnane. 9780231143509 (cloth : alk. paper) series New York : Columbia University Press, c2008.
Call#: Van Pelt Library GT1555 .F56 2008


tagged _design china fashion by taneab ...on 22-JUL-08

China's All-Seeing Eye China's All-Seeing Eye

With the help of U.S. defense contractors, China is building the prototype for a high-tech police state. It is ready for export.

NAOMI KLEIN

Posted May 29, 2008 3:24 PM

tagged china security surveillance by jn ...on 22-MAY-08
China is building megacities like this at a pace and scale the
world has never seen before. Chongqing has 12 million people and counting.
It's part of the central government's plan to bring some of China's economic
boom to its impoverished interior province where three out of four Chinese
live. Vanguard takes you on a whirlwind tour of the city---from inside a
cramped boarding house where migrant workers to inside a starter apartment
of China's new class of yuppies; from inside ancient, crumbling teahouses to
gleaming new car factories.
Ming,W . "NGOs and social transition in China" Social sciences in China [0252-9203] XXVIII.2 (2007). 79-155.
tagged china ngo by bmarcell ...on 17-MAR-08
Howell,J . "Civil Society in China: Chipping Away at the Edges" Development [1011-6370] 50.3 (2007). 17-23.
tagged china ngo by bmarcell ...on 17-MAR-08
Lu,Y . "The Autonomy of Chinese NGOs: A New Perspective" China [0219-7472] 5.2 (2007). 173-203.
tagged china ngo by bmarcell ...on 17-MAR-08
United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China. . To serve the people : NGOs and the development of civil society in China : roundtable before the Congressional-Executive Commission on China, One Hundred Eighth Congress, first session, March 24, 2003. 0160702895 series Washington : U.S. G.P.O. : For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O. [Congressional Sales Office], 2003.
Call#: Van Pelt Library HS81.C5 A35 2003


tagged china ngo by bmarcell ...on 17-MAR-08
Chan, Gerald. . China and international organizations : participation in non-governmental organizations since 1971 / Gerald Chan. 0195827384 : series Oxford [England] ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1989.
Call#: Van Pelt Library HS81.C5 C47 1989


tagged china ngo by bmarcell ...on 17-MAR-08
. Qing hua fa zhan yan jiu bao gao 2003 : Zhongguo fei zheng fu gong gong bu men / Wang Ming zhu bian. 880-03 Di 1 ban. 7302078130 : series Beijing : Qing hua da xue chu ban she, 2004.
Call#: Van Pelt Library East Asia JZ4841 .Q56 2004


tagged china ngo by bmarcell ...and 1 other person ...on 17-MAR-08
Ma, Qiusha. . Non-governmental organizations in contemporary China : paving the way to civil society? / Qiusha Ma. 0415369193 (hbk. : alk. paper) series London ; New York : Routledge, 2006.
Call#: Van Pelt Library HS81.C5 A22 2006


tagged china ngo by bmarcell ...on 17-MAR-08
Woodrow Wilson Center (Princeton). China Environment Series, Issue 5.
tagged china ngo by bmarcell ...on 17-MAR-08
Project of the Council on Foundations and the International Center for Non-profit Law.
tagged china laws ngo by bmarcell ...on 17-MAR-08
China Policy Institute. University of Nottingham. Discussion paper 15, February 2007.
tagged china ngo by bmarcell ...on 17-MAR-08
The Kowloon Walled City (traditional Chinese: d9i> ee/(; simplified Chinese: d9i>ee/(; originally known as d9i> e/(e) was an anomaly in Hong Kong's colonial history. China's tiny exclave in the middle of British Hong Kong for decades, it had a colorful existence until it was torn down in 1993.
tagged china hong_kong housing kowloon slum slums by jn ...on 03-MAR-08
As China Roars, Pollution Reaches Deadly Extremes
By JOSEPH KAHN and JIM YARDLEY

BEIJING, Aug. 25 - No country in history has emerged as a major industrial power without creating a legacy of environmental damage that can take decades and big dollops of public wealth to undo.

But just as the speed and scale of China's rise as an economic power have no clear parallel in history, so its pollution problem has shattered all precedents. Environmental degradation is now so severe, with such stark domestic and international repercussions, that pollution poses not only a major long-term burden on the Chinese public but also an acute political challenge to the ruling Communist Party. And it is not clear that China can rein in its own economic juggernaut.

Public health is reeling. Pollution has made cancer China's leading cause of death, the Ministry of Health says. Ambient air pollution alone is blamed for hundreds of thousands of deaths each year. Nearly 500 million people lack access to safe drinking water.

Chinese cities often seem wrapped in a toxic gray shroud. Only 1 percent of the country's 560 million city dwellers breathe air considered safe by the European Union. Beijing is frantically searching for a magic formula, a meteorological deus ex machina, to clear its skies for the 2008 Olympics.

Environmental woes that might be considered catastrophic in some countries can seem commonplace in China: industrial cities where people rarely see the sun; children killed or sickened by lead poisoning or other types of local pollution; a coastline so swamped by algal red tides that large sections of the ocean no longer sustain marine life.

China is choking on its own success. The economy is on a historic run, posting a succession of double-digit growth rates. But the growth derives, now more than at any time in the recent past, from a staggering expansion of heavy industry and urbanization that requires colossal inputs of energy, almost all from coal, the most readily available, and dirtiest, source.

tagged China NYTimes pollution by jn ...on 25-AUG-07
Choking on Growth

A series of articles and multimedia examining the human toll, global impact and political challenge of China’s epic pollution crisis.

tagged China NYTimes pollution by jn ...on 25-AUG-07
Urbanisation in China
China's Chicago

Jul 26th 2007 | CHONGQING
From The Economist print edition
A giant city in the south-west is a microcosm of China's struggle to move millions from rural to urban areas

 

 

tagged Urbanisation china economist the_economist by jn ...on 30-JUL-07
No enough parking space in Beijing
(Xinhua)
Updated: 2007-02-07 16:31

Beijing lacks 400,000 parking spaces, Zhao Fengtong, vice mayor of the Beijing Municipal government, said on Thursday.
With car ownership rocketing to the current figure of more than two million cars, not to mention more than 300,000 more cars annually, Beijing is struggling to keep up.
Besides building more underground parking lots and parking buildings, Beijing should create an internet parking information system showing all the available public parking spaces, suggested Li Xun, deputy director of China Academy of Urban Planning and Design.
Beijing announced earlier last year that 26 free or low-cost large-scale parking lots will be built near subway and bus stops to encourage drivers to use public transport in downtown Beijing.
Traffic problems topped this year's list of suggestions from representatives of the municipal people's congress. Traffic has been the number one issue for the last five years, said officials of the municipal people's congress.


something about us
Expatriate Shanghai Food & Beverage media focus on fashionable restaurants, design, and location.

 


tagged blog china expariate food shanghai by jn ...on 06-FEB-07

npr weeklong series 

Shanghai Builds for the Future 

China is now undergoing one of the most massive urbanization in human history, and nowhere is that more evident than in cosmopolitan Shanghai. The city's population is now almost 18 million, and is forecast to rise to 25 million by 2020. This series looks at how the city is preparing for its future
tagged china npr shanghai by jn ...on 18-DEC-06
December 10, 2006
World View Podcast
Summary: A transcript of Calvin Sims interviewing Times Hong Kong bureau chief Keith Bradsher about China's new love affair with cars.

Sims: Gives us some background, if you will, Keith. China is typically known as a country where you had just millions and millions of bicycle people. Probably that's the image they have when they see photos of Chinese, especially in big cities. What has been fueling this growth in car usage in the last couple of years?


Danwei TV is an Internet TV station that shows short programs about China

tagged beijing china city_planning video by jn ...on 18-NOV-06
"Wang Luobin: Folk Song King of the Northwest or Song Thief?" Modern China [0097-7004] 31.3 (2005). 381-.
belongs to Test Project project
tagged china copyright folk_music music by laallen ...on 31-OCT-06
Thesis: The Chinese economy is best served by a gradual increase in intellectual property right (IPR) protection that corresponds to the growth of its economy. This gradual increase will allow China to become technologically and culturally self-sufficient because contrary to what large American corporations would argue, foreign investment and involvement in the Chinese intellectual property (IP) economy would still be sufficient and China's domestic development would not be unduly restricted.
tagged China Development IPR by rogerlm ...on 31-JUL-06
"Defending Intellectual Property Rights in the BRIC Economies." American business law journal [0002-7766] 43.2 (2006). 317-.
 
    This article discusses the issue of protecting US intellectual copyrights in the countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC).  It begins by explaining that these four countries, if all predictions go as planned, will soon have four of the largest economies in the world.  Therefore, a detailed look at the United States IP relationship with these nations is necessary.  The next section of the article gives a brief history of international intellectual property rights followed by a more focused look at the history of US relationships with these four countries and the antagonisms that have resulted.
    After giving this overview, which shows how often the United States has tried to influence the IPR regimes of the four BRIC countries, the article delves into a section entitled, “Coercion as an Ineffective Strategy in Promoting Intellectual Property Protection in the BRIC Countries.”  This section is long and detailed with many examples of statistics showing how the United States has not achieved its goals through means of coercion.  The article explicitly gives statistics for each country.  The culmination of this large number of statistics is to show that not only does coercion not necessarily work, it can often be detrimental to the original goal.  Examples of poor results are given for China and India.
    The final section of this article argues that unilateral initiatives are an understudied method of strengthening IPR regimes in the BRIC countries.  Unilateral initiatives are defined as “a voluntary conciliatory action presented by one party to the benefit of the other.”  Examples of unilateral initiatives that have been successful are then given.
    This article is plainly written with an obvious objective: to endorse unilateral initiatives as opposed to coercion as a way of reforming IPR in the BRIC countries.  This method of change is supportive of a gradual change in the IPR regime in China as it does not expect immediate results and therefore, presents an effective means of carrying through with the project's thesis, which is always an important consideration when proposing an argument.
belongs to Copyright and Culture Bibliography project
tagged Brazil China IPR India Piracy Russia US by rogerlm ...on 31-JUL-06
Yang,D . "intellectual property abuses: how should multinationals respond?" Long range planning [0024-6301] 37.5 (2004). 459-475.
 
    This article presents a decidedly pro-business approach to the problem of piracy in China.  From the start, the article takes for granted that weak IPR is a bad thing that recalcitrant countries are loathe to enforce.  Furthermore, the article continues by providing statistics that show that China is one of the worst infringers in the world of intellectual property rights.  An example of this decidedly one-sided look at piracy and IP infringement appears on page 5.  “Piracy is not a victimless game as so many people think, but an unscrupulous practice requiring continuous surveillance and resolution.  Host countries, multinationals, and consumers are all victims of piracy.”
    The article then, instead of suggesting that businesses should fight for stronger legal means of IPR protection, assumes that businesses still want to enter the Chinese market and, hence, explains ways for businesses to combat piracy through their own means.  Ten strategies are listed including the Budweiser strategy (technical solutions), the partnership strategy (contractual surveillance), the Coca-Cola strategy (narrowing price gaps), the Microsoft strategy (monitoring and private-eye), the commercial settlement strategy, the acquiring strategy, the DuPont strategy (reapplication), the MU strategy (communicating with aggrieved firms), the government hand strategy, and consumer campaigns.
    Although this article presents an extremely biased look at intellectual property rights and does little to provide insight into causes or reasons for strong or weak IPR’s, it presents a very important statement just by its existence.  This important point is that large multinational corporations have both the incentive and the means to enter the Chinese market despite a relatively weak IPR regime.  This indicates that a weak IPR regime is not necessarily detrimental to foreign investment and therefore a gradual implementation of international IPR standards is feasible.
belongs to Copyright and Culture Bibliography project
tagged China IP Multinationals by rogerlm ...on 31-JUL-06
Xiaobai,S . "A dilemma for developing countries in intellectual property strategy? Lessons from a case study of software piracy and Microsoft in China" Science & public policy [0302-3427] 32.3 (2005). 187-198.
 
    This article poses two important questions; Will businesses and countries invest in the economies of developing countries if these developing countries do not enforce intellectual property rights on the same standards of developed countries?  And, if the current situation of increasing the strength of intellectual property rights in developing countries continues, will these developing countries be able to compete in a world of IPR harmonization?
    The article poses an initial answer to these questions by citing empirical studies that suggest developing countries develop best with weak IPR regimes and that only as these countries become more developed should they enforce stricter regimes.  Examples of countries that have enacted stronger IPR regimes as their economies developed are East Asian counties including Korea, Japan, and Taiwan, and notably the United States.  Yet, what the empirical evidence lacks, according to this article, is a timetable for deciding when a country is developed enough to implement a strong IPR regime.  To understand the situation further, the article turns to a study of Microsoft software in China.
    In this study, the article first gives an overview explaining how prevalent piracy is in China.  The article then shows that despite this piracy, Microsoft has entered the Chinese market with great difficulties.  Piracy of Microsoft products subsequently increased and contrary to logic, this led Microsoft to further invest in China in an attempt to promote legal usage of Microsoft products.  This further investment was presumably because Microsoft sees China as the largest potential market in the world.
    This study then shows that, contrary to some scholars’ beliefs, a weak IPR regime can lead to an increased investment in developing countries.  However, this is counterbalanced by the belief that an investment of high-tech products does not allow the developing country to discover its own technologies/products/ideas.
    This article, although slightly redundant with other sources, is crucial to backing the project's thesis that developing countries and especially China are best advised to take a gradual approach to implementing strong IPR regimes.  The article also fully supports the argument that China is best suited to a gradual increase in its IPR protection in that the article presents a case study showing that foreign investment in China will still occur despite its weaker IPR protection than developed nations.
belongs to Copyright and Culture Bibliography project
tagged China IP Microsoft Piracy by rogerlm ...on 31-JUL-06
Chow,D . "Enforcement Against Counterfeiting in the People's Republic of China" Northwestern journal of international law & business [0196-3228] 20.3 447-.
 
    This article is written in a clear and precise manner.  The subject matter is extremely valuable to any study of intellectual property rights in China, as it deals specifically with current methods of enforcement for counterfeiting.  Unlike many articles, this paper does not present theoretical reasons for China’s inability to police its IPR problems but gives specific reasons and examples of how Chinese law enforcement works.
    Daniel Chow chose to focus exclusively on counterfeiting, which is a subset of IPR violations.  Counterfeiting can infringe on both copyrighted material and patented material but necessarily violates trademark law.  Therefore, counterfeiting is an extremely important subject matter for IPR studies.  In his article, Chow leads the reader through the different stages of enforcement for counterfeit goods.  He starts with the process of seizing and confiscating goods and paraphernalia and proceeds to describe the process and result of fines against offenders.  He then poses reasons for why these fines are inadequate; for example, monetary values are based on the price of the counterfeit goods, not the price of the brand products.
    Next, Chow explains how criminal liability is enacted in Chinese law, and discusses the problems, such as the burden of proof lying upon the prosecutors and not the counterfeiter.  For example, to prove criminal liability the prosecutor must show that the counterfeiter made profits of at least $6000.  This is extremely difficult because illegal businesses don’t keep legitimate records, and therefore criminal liability would be nearly impossible to prove.  Chow follows by exploring whether manufacturers, distributors, or landlords of retailers are prosecuted most and who should be targeted more.  Chow then discusses how civil action works in China.  Finally, he presents some problems for future enforcement against counterfeiting.
    This article contains a large amount of useful information and is presented in a very methodical and simple manner.  The information is useful because it demonstrates from an empirical and not theoretical perspective how IPR enforcement works in China.  This becomes important for the project's thesis when one considers the practical nature of taking any approach other than a gradual increase in IPR protection.
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tagged China Counterfeiting Enforcement IPR by rogerlm ...on 31-JUL-06
Linek,E . "International Efforts Are Achieving Credible IP Enforcement Even Amid Chronic Abuse" Intellectual property & technology law journal [1534-3618] 18.3 (2006). 4-7.
 
   This article is short and poses little insight into the situation of intellectual property rights in China, yet it does provide valuable statistics about the levels of piracy in China. The statistics present an optimistic view of the situation by stating the increased number of criminal prosecutions for IPR violations; however, the statistics leave out the pessimistic view that the number of violations are possibly rising and that could explain the increase in prosecutions.
    Yet, despite the lack of in-depth analysis provided, this article hints at some of the basic themes of more insightful works. Examples of these are that China has historical traditions that impede its compliance with international standards of intellectual copyright protection and that China has too many administrative bureaucracies to effectively enforce IPR. The article also presents an interesting view that unfortunately has no support: an assertion that because China has joined the WTO, its institutions will adapt in a positive manner.
    The statistics in this article include the numbers of criminal prosecutions in China for IPR infringement and estimates of the amount of money lost by US businesses because of piracy. Also, there is a comparison over time of changes in these statistics. These numbers, although vague, can be used to present a case with nearly any goal in mind and, therefore, are valuable in research about IPR in China.
    The last important aspect of this article is that it places China in the context of the larger developing world. It points out that China represents the single largest market (in numbers of people) in the world, and because it is considered to have a developing economy, China plays a large role in determining the stance of other developing economies. This is an important message and illuminates the significance of understanding the IPR situation in China and, therefore, the significance of China taking a gradual approach to strengthening its IPRs in a broader, global sense.
belongs to Copyright and Culture Bibliography project
tagged China Enforcement IP by rogerlm ...on 31-JUL-06
Kong, Qingjiang. . WTO, internationalization and the intellectual property rights regime in China / Kong Qingjiang. [981210416X ] Singapore : Marshall Cavendish Academic, 2005.
Call#: Van Pelt Library KNQ1155 .K659 2005


   This book, a collection of essays by the scholar, Kong Qingjiang, is among the most comprehensive and up-to-date sources available on IPR in China. In this book, Qingjiang takes his work over past years and compiles it into an organized fashion. Because of the nature of this compilation, there is some overlap among the essays in concepts, facts, and ideas. Nevertheless, the book provides more information about IPRs in China than most other books written to this date.
   Because this book is a collection of essays written over a period of time, there is no single unifying thesis to the work. However, it can be said that Qingjiang is very optimistic about China’s IPR future in regards to meeting international standards. On a very basic level, all of the essays suggest that China is making a great deal of progress and that strengthening its IPR regime is a good thing, although it should be undertaken in a gradual manner.
   Specific topics that Qingjiang’s essays focus on are a brief history of recent developments in Chinese IPR regime; an overview of China’s current stance on IPRs, domestically and foreign; judicial enforcement of IPRs; problems in China’s IPR regime posed by the digital era; a discussion of how China is handling the balancing of competition policies and IPRs; China’s strategy for the future of its IPRs; China’s place in the WTO; China’s role in TRIPS and the Doha Agenda; whether China is or can enforce international standards of intellectual property protection; how China’s IPR regime effects Sino-US relations; and lastly, how China’s IPR regime effect Sino-Japanese relations.
    The bulk of these essays use case studies to exemplify their individual assertions although some essays use more statistics than case-studies. As a result of the numerous essays, this book provides more information specific to China than any other book. The book is important for any assessment of IPRs in China and helps to accentuate the argument that China is best suited by a gradual change toward meeting international standards of IPR. This thesis is supported by Qingjiang in different essays throughout, and so is a useful tool in providing a scholarly grounding to the thesis of this project.
belongs to Copyright and Culture Bibliography project
tagged China IPR Internationalization WTO by rogerlm ...on 31-JUL-06
Intellectual property rights in emerging markets / Clarisa Long, editor. [0844741256 (cloth : alk. paper) ] Washington, D.C. : AEI Press, 2000.
Call#: Van Pelt Library K1401 .I568 2000
 
  This book is a compilation of three different case studies in essay form. The relevant chapters for my topic are the introduction and the first chapter, entitled, “The Political Economy of Intellectual Property Rights Protection in the People’s Republic of China. The introduction provides a clear and distinct overview of the current status of international intellectual property rights and more specifically, Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs). The introduction also summarizes the subsequent essays.
   The essay on IPRs in China is simply written and easy to understand. The author, Mark Groombridge, begins with a discussion of the history of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in China and the prevailing attitudes toward IPRs in China. Groombridge attempts to describe reasons why the Confuciust and Communist past of China leads to the current situation of less than rigorous IPRs in China. This historical introduction is largely based on anecdotal evidence taken from quotes in Chinese historical texts and other scholars’ works. The next part of the essay gives a brief overview of the current state of IPRs in China with an emphasis on “Legal Barriers to Strengthening IPR Protection in the PRC.”
   Groombridge presents these barriers in a clear manner and does a good job making the concepts understandable. The evidence discussing legal barriers uses numerous statistics although these are mostly anecdotal. The essay finishes with a few suggestions for strengthening IPR protection in China.
   Overall this is a short easily read essay. The author argues that China has a history of bad IPR protection but is making considerable progress, and through methods he suggests, China may approach Western nations in the strength of their IPR regimes. The relevance to the project's thesis is apparent in that these essays suggest China is already undertaking a gradual increase in their IPR protection and there has been a subsequent growth in the Chinese economy.


belongs to Copyright and Culture Bibliography project
tagged China Development IPR by rogerlm ...on 31-JUL-06
Intellectual property and development : lessons from recent economic research / edited by Carsten Fink and Keith E. Maskus. [0821357727 (pbk.) ] Washington, DC : A copublication of the World Bank and Oxford University Press, New York, c2005.
Call#: Van Pelt Library K1401 .I5528 2005
 
   This book, which is a compilation of essays, constitutes an in depth economic analysis of how intellectual property rights effect development within an economy. The final essay focuses on China and is entitled “Intellectual Property Rights and Economic Development in China.” The essay is well written, and the economic concepts are simply described.
   The essay discusses the growth of China’s economy through an economic analysis of intellectual property rights and how they affect business and investment. The first half of the essay presents the standard economic theory for strengthening intellectual property rights in developing economies and reviews the benefits derived from strict enforcement of intellectual property rights. However, this review is balanced by a discussion of reasons why the government of a developing economy would not want to enact strict enforcement of IPRs.
   The second half of the essay deals specifically with China. The authors, Maskus, Dougherty, and Mertha use three sections to prove that China is making significant progress in strengthening IPR enforcement, but the point out that China also has a number of problems that must be addressed before it can reach an acceptable state of IPR protection. The first of these sections is a discussion of interviews held with lawyers, scholars, businessmen, and policy makers in China. The next section evaluates statistics on trademarks and patents in China. The final section looks at “data on technology development and inputs, along with some estimated effects on Chinese industrial productivity.” The authors conclude that

"Overall, our analysis suggests that the IPR situation for invention and innovation is improving in China but that there are still significant problems associated with inadequate enforcement, regional income differences, insufficient incentives for commercialization of the results of R&D, and relatively low levels of research effort."

This essay is extremely helpful in determining the state of IPRs in China through the lens of economics although it presents the material in a way that is biased toward the assumption that all developing economies should have strong IPRs. Therefore, this book comprises an important opposition to the thesis of gradual improvement in China's IPRs but provides valuable reasons why a developing country would want a weaker IPR regime, which hence supports the assertion for China’s gradual development.


belongs to Copyright and Culture Bibliography project
tagged China Development Economics IP by rogerlm ...on 31-JUL-06
Mertha, Andrew, 1965- . Politics of piracy : intellectual property in contemporary China / Andrew Mertha. [0801443644 (cloth : alk. paper) ] Ithaca, N.Y. : Cornell University Press, c2005.
Call#: Van Pelt Library KNQ1155 .M47 2005

   This book is essential for any study of intellectual property rights or copyright in modern China. Because it is one of few books devoted entirely to this subject, The Politics of Piracy provides the reader with an indispensable source of information and a unique thesis on the problem of piracy in the People’s Republic of China. The book’s thesis is as follows: “The direction of external pressure and the characteristics of the institutions it is designed to change are crucial to understanding the effects of foreign pressure on policy enforcement outcomes.”
   As can be seen by this sentence, which merely states Mertha’s hypothesis, the book can, at times, be difficult to read. The writing does not flow as smoothly as it could but this reflects some of the harder concepts that Mertha tries to tackle. To defend his thesis, Mertha mainly uses empirical case studies as opposed to broad statistical evidence, presumably because statistical evidence on piracy in China is fraught with a great deal of unreliability.
   One of the best aspects of this book is that it devotes an entire chapter to each type of intellectual property: patents, copyrights, and trademarks. Because most books on IPRs deal with multiple developing economies, they tend to lump all IPRs together. This book treats each IPR as its own entity and explores their problems and possible solutions with the attention they require.
    It must be stated that this book treats IPRs in China from an obvious etic perspective and argues that most reform in China’s IPR protection comes from foreign, usually United States, pressure. Mertha believes that this is a good and effective method for bringing China’s IPR standards into compliance with Western standards. However, one of the strengths of Mertha’s book, the penultimate chapter, discusses problems with his thesis and his approach to the subject. As a consequence, this book is very valuable to the topic of intellectual property rights in China despite its sometimes difficult prose.
   The value of this book in relation to my thesis is that the book illustrates one aspect of the relationship between China and the US. This book shows that by pressuring China, the United States has achieved higher standards of IPR protection. To my thesis, this suggests that as China has become more important economically, it has also become more important regarding IPR. This importance proves a correlation between the strength of the economy and the strength of IPRs that goes well toward advancing the argument for China's gradual improvement of IPRs.
belongs to Copyright and Culture Bibliography project
tagged China Copyright IPR Piracy by rogerlm ...and 1 other person ...on 31-JUL-06
Global intellectual property rights : knowledge, access, and development / edited by Peter Drahos and Ruth Mayne.
[0333990277 (hardback) ] Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire ; New York : Palgrave Macmillan : Oxfam, 2002.
Call#: Van Pelt Library K1401 .G58 2002

This book is a collection of essays.  It is very interesting and important for my topic of strengthening IPRs in China because it presents a point of view that is contrary to many of the other books written on IPRs for developing economies.  This book contests that developing economies should not adopt IPR regulations similar to well-developed countries.  More succinctly, “the chapters in Part II suggest that global intellectual property rules may well be an obstacle to development.”
    The essays are generally written in an easy style and all present compelling arguments.  Most essays are written by scholars although some are written by administrators and businessmen with experience in international intellectual property.  The book is broken down into four segments with each segment representing a different aspect of the overall argument.
    The first segment, entitled, “Innovation and Diffusion of Technology” suggests that international IPRs make it difficult for poor countries to receive advanced technology and education, which is in a contradiction to many economists view of IPRs.  The next section, “Development and Access to Technology: Genetics, Health, Agriculture, Education and Information Technology” discusses the current situation in many developing nations and how they use the economic principle of free-riding to their advantage.  It also discusses the fact that developing nations have the capacity to understand and enact versions of IPR laws that are beneficial to them and don’t need assistance in determining their own laws.  The third segment, entitled, “Knowledge and Access: Who Makes the Rules?” argues that international IPR agreements are really just bully tactics enacted by developed nations to coerce weaker countries into adopting the formers’ standards of IPR.  The final part, “Ownership of Knowledge: Changing the Rules” discusses how developing countries have effected TRIPs, the WTO, international IPRs, and their relation to larger countries.
    This book is very valuable for filling out a complete view of IPRs in developing economies.  It presents an alternative view to most economic arguments and, therefore, shows how my thesis would be beneficial at the initial stages of Chinese economic development.  Because the book only discusses developing nations, its thesis falls apart when expanded to nations that have outgrown the “developing nation” status.  This lack of discussion implies that a country that is neither developing nor developed needs an intermediate level of IPR protection, and therefore a gradual increase of IPR protection is necessary.
belongs to Copyright and Culture Bibliography project
tagged China Development IPR by rogerlm ...on 31-JUL-06
UK House of Commons Library Report.
tagged China by anellokj ...on 19-JUL-06
July 5, 2006
Guangzhou Journal
First Comes the Car, Then the $10,000 License Plate
By JIM YARDLEY
tagged china transportation by jn ...on 06-JUL-06
Harris,R . "Wang Luobin: Folk song king of the northwest or song thief? Copyright, representation, and Chinese folk songs" Modern China [0097-7004] 31.3 (2005). 381-408.
tagged china chinese_music copyright folklore music by laallen ...on 26-JUN-06

... 

But, as we all know, these numbers regarding China are completely bogus anyways. Because most MPAA member movies can't be sold in China so they have no loss. China only allows 20 foreign films to be imported each year, and usually 14 - 16 of these are from MPAA members. So what the MPA is talking about in this report isn't "profits lost to pirates in China" but "profits lost to closed markets in China".

tagged MPA blog china film free_culture piracy by jn ...on 20-JUN-06
A VERY detailed guide to business in China by the Department of State (227 pages!).
tagged China China_business by anellokj ...on 16-JUN-06
Bliss, Edward, 1912-. Beyond the stone arches : an American missionary doctor in China, 1892-1932 / Edward Bliss, Jr. [0471397598 (cloth : alk. paper)] New York : John Wiley, c2001.
Call#: Van Pelt Library R722.32.B55 A3 2001


tagged china medical missionary by kuriloff ...on 10-MAY-06
Shashin Meiji no sensåo / Ozawa Kenji hencho. [448087612X ] Tåokyåo : Chikuma Shobåo, 2001.
Call#: Van Pelt Library East Asia DS516.5 .S53 2001


tagged china for_aaron images by kuriloff ...and 1 other person ...on 09-MAY-06
Cao, Juren, 1899-. Zhongguo kang zhan hua shi = Pictorial history of China's war resistance / Cao Juren, Shu Zongqiao bian zhu.Shanghai : Lian he hua bao she yin xing, 1947.
Call#: Storage: From RECORD page, use Place Request tab DS777.53 .T85 1947


tagged china for_aaron photography by kuriloff ...and 1 other person ...on 09-MAY-06
Lao yang ren jing tou xia de jiu Zhongguo jian ying. [7801456742 ] Beijing : Guang ming ri bao chu ban she, 2003.
Call#: Van Pelt Library East Asia DS712 .L36 2003


tagged china for_aaron images by kuriloff ...and 1 other person ...on 09-MAY-06
China, a photohistory, 1937-87 / Magnum ; edited by W.J.F. Jenner. [0394572815 :] New York : Pantheon Books, 1988.
Call#: Van Pelt Library DS777.55 C446729 1988


Shashin Meiji no sensåo / Ozawa Kenji hencho. [448087612X ] Tåokyåo : Chikuma Shobåo, 2001.
Call#: Van Pelt Library East Asia DS516.5 .S53 2001


tagged china for_aaron images by laallen ...and 1 other person ...on 04-MAY-06
Cao, Juren, 1899-. Zhongguo kang zhan hua shi = Pictorial history of China's war resistance / Cao Juren, Shu Zongqiao bian zhu.Shanghai : Lian he hua bao she yin xing, 1947.
Call#: Storage: From RECORD page, use Place Request tab DS777.53 .T85 1947


tagged china for_aaron photography by laallen ...and 1 other person ...on 04-MAY-06
Lao yang ren jing tou xia de jiu Zhongguo jian ying. [7801456742 ] Beijing : Guang ming ri bao chu ban she, 2003.
Call#: Van Pelt Library East Asia DS712 .L36 2003


tagged china for_aaron images by laallen ...and 1 other person ...on 04-MAY-06
China, a photohistory, 1937-87 / Magnum ; edited by W.J.F. Jenner. [0394572815 :] New York : Pantheon Books, 1988.
Call#: Van Pelt Library DS777.55 C446729 1988


CEIC
Available in Lippincott Library Only.
CEIC provides very detailed economic statistics with an emphasis on Asian countries.
This database is available at Lippincott Library at terminal 7B. It consists of 4 separate databases.
The first three sets are:
Asia.
Non-Asia. Includes Brazil, EU, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Japan, Turkey, UK, USA.
China.

 

Datasets for the above include:
National Accounts, Industrial, Sales, Construction-Property, Demographic-Labor, Domestic & Foreign Trade, Stock Markets, Banking, Industrial, Inflation, Monetary, Banking, Forex, Investment, Tourism, and Transport/Telecom.

The fourth data set is: Daily.

Datasets for the Daily database include: Country Financials for 35 economies. Deposit Rates, Forward Rates, Interbank, Lending Rates, Swaps, Monetary, Futures, Prices and SARS cases. (the disease)


tagged china statistics by newlandj ...and 9 other people ...on 03-MAY-06

China Rights Forum
2006
China's Environmental Challenge    

tagged China environment by jn ...on 25-APR-06
article to be published in this weekend's nytimes magazine
article to be published in this weekend's nytimes magazine
tagged china google nytimes by jn ...and 1 other person ...on 20-APR-06
China's accession to the WTO changed the face of world economics, but in order to be successful, markets needed to open up. This paper argues that China should eliminate tariff's on IT quickly in order to help open markets and pave the way to success.
"China." International tax review [0958-7594] (2006). 29-.


tagged china by ajlyons ...on 14-MAR-06
Zhou, Zuojie. . Mao Zedong ke neng bian cheng Dituo ma / Zhou Zuojie zhu. Xianggang Jiulong : Zi you chu ban she, Min guo 40 [1951]
Call#: Storage: From RECORD page, use Place Request tab 4290 C736


tagged china mao_zedong by ajlyons ...on 14-MAR-06

Chinese women, living and working / edited by Anne E. McLaren. [0415312175 (alk. paper) ] London ; New York : RoutledgeCurzon, 2004.
Call#: Van Pelt Library HQ1767 .C45253 2004

tagged china econ210 economics gender women by laallen ...on 20-JAN-06