U.S. Sen. Charles Grassley (R-Iowa) has hardly lacked for targets in his campaign against conflicts of interest in biomedical science and academic research. But a study published Wednesday in the April issue of Academic Medicine suggests potential problems in an area that has largely escaped Grassley's scrutiny so far -- among the members of institutional boards that review research at medical schools and academic medical centers. The study, based on a survey of more than 200 chairs of such review boards, found that a third of IRBs at those institutions did not require voting members to disclose their relationships with pharmaceutical companies or other industry representatives -- even though national groups have urged such reporting and the relationships, in practice, were reported in a majority of cases.